Building blocks for hollow walls



Jan. 24, 1939. E. G. MILLER 2, 4 7

BUILDING BLOCK FOR HOLLOW WALLS Filed April 5, 1938 2 Sheets-Sheet l /5' J 4 Zhwentor fuwme 6 MILLER Gttomeg Jan. 24, 1939. E I 2,145,187 BUILDING BLOCK F011 HOLLOW WALLS Filed April 5, 1938 .2 Sheets-Sheet 2 wig-.1

attorney Patented Jan. 24, 1939 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 2 Claims.

My invention relates to improvements in the construction of walls of blocks and slabs of cement or the like which when laid in mortar one above the other in both inner and outer walls form continuous air passages, therebetween, both horizontal and vertical.

One object is to provide a construction whereby continuous air passages are maintained between the inner and outer walls to prevent the sweating action which is prevalent in the present cement and brick construction with the variable outside temperatures.

Another object is to provide a means whereby outside moisture is prevented from penetrating through the inner wall, the air passages providing a means whereby the excess moisture is dried before it can penetrate the inner wall.

These and other objects may be noted from the following specification and its accompanying illustrations in which:

Fig. 1 is a top plan view partly in section of an inner and outer wall made of blocks of the square and oblong boss type, showing the tying or binding means and the corner construction.

Fig. 2 is a side elevation partly broken away to show the continuous vertical and horizontal air passages.

Fig. 3 is an elevation of the block showing the projecting bosses.

Fig. 4 is a section on line 4-4 of Fig. 3.

Fig. 5 is a section on line 5-5 of Fig. 3.

Fig. 6 is a fragmentary plan view of the block and partition construction forming double continuous air passages.

Fig. 7 is a view similar to Fig. 1, of the round and oval boss type of block.

Fig. 8 is a view of this type similar to Fig. 2 of the square and oblong boss type.

Fig. 9 is an elevation of a quarter unit.

Fig. 10 is an elevation of a half unit.

Fig. 11 is an elevation of an inner corner unit.

Fig. 12 is a plan view of the block and slab construction showing the method of tying or binding.

Referring again to the illustrations, a block IU, of a material such as cement or the like substantially rectangular in shape and of such thickness as may be required in the construction work wherein it is intended to be used, has one fiat face II, the opposite face 12 having a plurality of bosses I 3 and l3a of substantially square and oblong shapes respectively projecting outwardly therefrom.

The square bosses [3 are adjacent the outer edges of the block at the top and bottom, while the rectangular bosses l3a are in line with and but the air passage area is decreased as well as at an equal distance from the said square bosses 13, being spaced centrally at the top and bottom of the block l0.

Apertures l4 and I5 and slots IS in the top and bottom surfaces of the block have metal ties 5 H and I8 engaged therein to bind the inner and outer blocks together when they are laid in the mortar l9.

, When forming a corner an L shaped block 20 is used, having no boss on the short end 2| of said 10 L but having a pair of square bosses l3 and oblong bosses l3a respectively on the long end.

The inner corner block 22 is shorter than the standard block I0 and has four square bosses l3 and a pair of end bosses l3b. In some instances a half block 23, having four square bosses l3, may be used.

In building construction the blocks l0, 2|, 22 and 23 are laid in the mortar I9 to form inner and outer walls, the bosses l3 and l3a being laid in such manner as to form a contact and. register each with the other as illustrated in Fig. 1, the ties l1 and 18 being then mounted within the apertures l4 and I5 and slots [6 as shown.

This method of construction forms a series of 25 continuous air passages both horizontal and vertical as indicated by the arrows in Fig. 2; these passages are continuous from the bottom to the top of the structure and entirely around the walls from the point of beginning.

The addition of a partition 30, of any desired material (shown in Fig. 6) inserted between the bosses l3 and 13a of the blocks [0 of the inner and outer walls, form double air spaces between said walls. 7

A modified block 25 is illustrated in Figs. 7 through 11 wherein round and oval bosses 26 and 26a are used in place of the square and oblong bosses I3 and Ba respectively. I

The same method of construction is used and the continuous air passages are substantially the same. Quarter and half size blocks 25a and 25b as well as the L 21 and inner corner block 28 may be used.

A slightly different construction is illustrated by Fig. 12, wherein fiat slabs 29 are used in place of the inner blocks as illustrated in Figs. 1 and '7.

The method of laying and tying being the same,

the thickness of the wall.

It is understood that the application is not confined to the exact structure shown and described herein above but will permit variations within the scope of the invention,

thereof and a pair of long bosses at the middle,

the blocks being laid with each long boss in contact with two short bosses of opposite blocks, the bosses being spaced from each other and from the horizontal and vertical meeting edges of the blocks, whereby a plurality of vertical and horizontal air passages are formed in each course of the wall, said passages communicating with each other throughout the horizontal and vertical extent of the wall and some of said passages communicating with the joints between the blocks.

EDWARD G. MILLER. 

